TINJAUAN PERKEMBANGAN KOMPUTASI KUANTUM PADA PLATFORM CLOUD: PELUANG, TANTANGAN, DAN ARAH MASA DEPAN
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https://doi.org/10.23960/jitet.v14i1.8363Abstract Views: 0 File Views: 0
Keywords:
quantum computing, quantum cloud computing, cloud computing, systematic literature reviewAbstract
Komputasi kuantum berbasis cloud merupakan paradigma baru yang menggabungkan sumber daya kuantum dengan infrastruktur cloud klasik, memungkinkan akses luas tanpa kebutuhan investasi besar pada perangkat keras. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review (SLR) dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis dua studi utama terkait integrasi dan perkembangan teknologi komputasi kuantum dalam lingkungan cloud computing. Analisis dilakukan melalui tiga tahap: analisis konten, perbandingan tematik, dan sintesis kritis dengan fokus pada arsitektur, kinerja, keamanan, serta arah masa depan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arsitektur hibrida kuantum-klasik berbasis kontainer dan orkestrasi terdistribusi menjadi komponen kunci dalam pengembangan quantum cloud. Model Quantum-as-a-Service (QaaS) berpotensi menurunkan hambatan adopsi, terutama pada aplikasi seperti simulasi material, optimisasi kombinatorial, dan kriptografi kuantum. Namun, tantangan signifikan masih ada pada keterbatasan perangkat keras, kompleksitas integrasi sistem, serta kekurangan sumber daya manusia. Arah pengembangan ke depan mencakup standarisasi lintas vendor, co-design algoritma dan perangkat keras, serta transisi menuju kriptografi pasca-kuantum. Studi ini memberikan pemahaman menyeluruh tentang potensi, kendala, dan arah riset lanjutan dalam quantum cloud computing.
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