SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: DIGITAL TWIN TECHNOLOGY ARSITEKTUR, TANTANGAN, DAN ARAH PENELITIAN MASA DEPAN
Abstract
Teknologi Digital Twin (DT) mengalami pertumbuhan eksponensial sejak diperkenalkan oleh Grieves pada tahun 2002, namun fragmentasi dalam definisi, taksonomi arsitektur, dan metrik evaluasi antar domain aplikasi masih menjadi hambatan utama bagi adopsi yang terstandar. Penelitian ini melaksanakan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) menggunakan protokol PRISMA terhadap 47 artikel yang dipublikasikan pada basis data Scopus, Web of Science, dan IEEE Xplore dalam rentang 2020–2025, guna memetakan lanskap penelitian DT secara komprehensif. Tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi empat klaster utama penelitian DT: (1) arsitektur dan infrastruktur platform DT berbasis cloud-edge continuum, (2) integrasi kecerdasan buatan dan machine learning untuk kemampuan prediktif, (3) penerapan DT pada sektor konstruksi, manufaktur, dan kesehatan, serta (4) tantangan interoperabilitas, keamanan data, dan skalabilitas. Temuan kritis penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa 73% studi yang ditinjau tidak memiliki kerangka evaluasi performa DT yang terstandar, dan terdapat kesenjangan signifikan antara maturitas teknis platform DT dengan kesiapan adopsi pada usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM). Novelty penelitian ini terletak pada penyusunan taksonomi DT terpadu berbasis lima dimensi (fisik, virtual, koneksi, data, dan layanan), pengklasifikasian gap penelitian yang belum tertangani, serta usulan agenda riset prioritas untuk pengembangan DT di era Industry 5.0.
Downloads
References
P. Bellavista and G. Di Modica, "IoTwins: Implementing distributed and hybrid digital twins in industrial manufacturing and facility management settings," Future Internet, vol. 16, no. 2, Art. no. 65, 2024, doi: 10.3390/fi16020065.
M. Grieves, "Product lifecycle management: The new paradigm for enterprises," International Journal of Product Development, vol. 2, no. 1–2, pp. 71–84, 2002.
M.-E. Iliuta, M.-A. Moisescu, E. Pop, A.-D. Ionita, S.-I. Caramihai, and T.-C. Mitulescu, "Digital twin—A review of the evolution from concept to technology and its analytical perspectives on applications in various fields," Applied Sciences, vol. 14, no. 13, Art. no. 5454, 2024, doi: 10.3390/app14135454.
W. Kritzinger, M. Karner, G. Traar, J. Henjes, and W. Sihn, "Digital twin in manufacturing: A categorical literature review and classification," IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 51, no. 11, pp. 1016–1022, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.08.474.
M. Liu, S. Fang, H. Dong, and C. Xu, "Review of digital twin about concepts, technologies, and industrial applications," Journal of Manufacturing Systems, vol. 58, pp. 346–361, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jmsy.2020.06.017.
Q. Lu, A. K. Parlikad, P. Woodall, G. Don Panfilo, X. Xie, Z. Liang, E. Konstantinou, J. Heaton, and J. Schooling, "Developing a digital twin at building and city levels: Case study of West Cambridge Campus," Journal of Management in Engineering, vol. 36, no. 3, Art. no. 05020004, 2020, doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ME.1943-5479.0000763.
D. Moher, A. Liberati, J. Tetzlaff, D. G. Altman, and the PRISMA Group, "Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement," PLOS Medicine, vol. 6, no. 7, Art. no. e1000097, 2009, doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097.
Q. Qi and F. Tao, "Digital twin and big data towards smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0: 360 degree comparison," IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 3585–3593, 2018, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2793265.
B. Ravinder, "Reimagining construction with digital twin technology," Journal of Informatics Education and Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 3026–3035, 2025, doi: 10.52783/jier.v5i2.2044.
S. M. E. Sepasgozar, "Differentiating digital twin from digital shadow: Elucidating a paradigm shift to expedite smart, sustainable built environments," Buildings, vol. 11, no. 4, Art. no. 151, 2021, doi: 10.3390/buildings11040151.
F. Tao, H. Zhang, A. Liu, and A. Y. C. Nee, "Digital twin in industry: State-of-the-art," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 2405–2415, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TII.2018.2873186.
E. VanDerHorn and S. Mahadevan, "Digital twin: Generalization, characterization and implementation," Decision Support Systems, vol. 145, Art. no. 113524, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2021.113524.
L. Wright and S. Davidson, "How to tell the difference between a model and a digital twin," Advanced Modeling and Simulation in Engineering Sciences, vol. 7, no. 1, Art. no. 13, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s40323-020-00147-4.
Y. Zheng, S. Yang, and H. Cheng, "An application framework of digital twin and its case studies," Future Generation Computer Systems, vol. 91, pp. 292–307, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.future.2018.11.022.
M. Zhou, J. Yan, and D. Feng, "Digital twin framework and its application to power grid online analysis," CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 391–398, 2019, doi: 10.17775/CSEEJPES.2018.00520.
A. T. N. Maulana, M. R. C. Wijayanto, and M. D. A. Fadilah, "Implementasi kontrol jemuran serta monitoring suhu berbasis ESP32 dengan integrasi Blynk dan Telegram," JITET (Jurnal Informatika dan Teknik Elektro Terapan), vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 492–500, 2026, doi: 10.23960/jitet.v14i1.8455.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
